Alerts from NASA's DONKI Early Warning System (Space Weather, Sun)
NASA DONKI Notifications
NASA DONKI Notifications
Message Type: RBE
Message ID: 20250731-AL-003
Issue Time: 2025-07-31T15:45Z
Message Body: ## Community Coordinated Modeling Center Database Of Notifications, Knowledge, Information ( CCMC DONKI )
## Message Type: Space Weather Notification - Radiation Belt Enhancement
##
## Message Issue Date: 2025-07-31T15:45:46Z
## Message ID: 20250731-AL-003
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## Disclaimer: NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center is the United States Government official source for space weather forecasts. This "Experimental Research Information" consists of preliminary NASA research products and should be interpreted and used accordingly.
## Summary:
Significantly elevated energetic electron fluxes in the Earth's outer radiation belt. GOES "greater than 2.0 MeV" integral electron flux is above 1000 pfu starting at 2025-07-31T13:55Z.
The elevated energetic electron flux levels are caused by coronal hole high speed stream which began on 2025-07-22, reaching maximum sustained speeds of approximately 740 km/s. A subsequent coronal hole high speed stream which began on 2025-07-30, reaching maximum sustained speeds of approximately 550 km/s, has further enhanced the electron fluxes. The solar wind speed observed at L1 is currently around 410 km/s.
NASA spacecraft at GEO, MEO and other orbits passing through or in the vicinity of the Earth's outer radiation belt can be impacted.
Activity ID: 2025-07-31T13:55:00-RBE-001.
## Notes:
This ongoing event is preceded by a radiation belt enhancement first observed at 2025-07-24T13:10Z (see notifications 20250724-AL-001, 20250726-AL-002, 20250728-AL-001, 20250730-AL-001), caused by a coronal hole high speed stream which began on 2025-07-22 reaching maximum sustained speeds of approximately 740 km/s.
Message Body: ## Community Coordinated Modeling Center Database Of Notifications, Knowledge, Information ( CCMC DONKI )
## Message Type: Auto-generated Space Weather Notification - Radiation Belt Enhancement
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## Message Issue Date: 2025-07-31T14:03:36Z
## Message ID: 20250731-AL-002
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## Disclaimer: NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center is the United States Government official source for space weather forecasts. This "Experimental Research Information" consists of preliminary NASA research products and should be interpreted and used accordingly.
## Summary:
Significantly elevated energetic electron fluxes in the Earth's outer radiation belt. GOES "greater than 2.0 MeV" integral electron flux is above 1000 pfu starting at 2025-07-31T13:55Z.
NASA spacecraft at GEO, MEO and other orbits passing through or in the vicinity of the Earth's outer radiation belt can be impacted.
Message Body: ## Community Coordinated Modeling Center Database Of Notifications, Knowledge, Information ( CCMC DONKI )
## Message Type: Space Weather Notification - CME (BepiColombo, OSIRIS-APEX, Parker Solar Probe, Missions Near Earth)
##
## Message Issue Date: 2025-07-31T02:26:25Z
## Message ID: 20250731-AL-001
##
## Disclaimer: NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center is the United States Government official source for space weather forecasts. This "Experimental Research Information" consists of preliminary NASA research products and should be interpreted and used accordingly.
## Summary:
S-type CME detected by STEREO A / SOHO.
Start time of the event: 2025-07-30T04:30Z.
Estimated speed: ~467 km/s.
Estimated opening half-angle: 17 deg.
Direction (lon./lat.): 17/-7 in Heliocentric Earth Equatorial coordinates.
Activity ID: 2025-07-30T04:30:00-CME-001
Based on preliminary analysis by the Moon to Mars Space Weather Analysis Office and heliospheric modeling carried out at NASA Community Coordinated Modeling Center, it is estimated that this CME may affect BepiColombo, OSIRIS-APEX (minor impact), and Parker Solar Probe (minor impact). The leading edge of the CME will reach BepiColombo at 2025-07-31T07:17Z, OSIRIS-APEX at 2025-08-01T22:00Z, and Parker Solar Probe at 2025-08-01T03:00Z (plus minus 7 hours).
The simulation also indicates that the CME may have a minor impact at NASA missions near Earth. Simulations indicate that the flank of the CME will reach NASA missions near Earth at about 2025-08-02T04:00Z (plus minus 7 hours). The roughly estimated expected range of the maximum Kp index is 3-5 (below minor to minor).
Links to the movies of the modeled event (includes CME: 2025-07-30T04:30:00-CME-001):
Message Body: ## Community Coordinated Modeling Center Database Of Notifications, Knowledge, Information ( CCMC DONKI )
## Message Type: Space Weather Notification - CME (Juice)
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## Message Issue Date: 2025-07-30T19:27:39Z
## Message ID: 20250730-AL-002
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## Disclaimer: NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center is the United States Government official source for space weather forecasts. This "Experimental Research Information" consists of preliminary NASA research products and should be interpreted and used accordingly.
## Summary:
C-type CME detected by STEREO A / GOES / SOHO.
Start time of the event: 2025-07-30T12:24Z.
Estimated speed: ~676 km/s.
Estimated opening half-angle: 17 deg.
Direction (lon./lat.): 102/-13 in Heliocentric Earth Equatorial coordinates.
Activity ID: 2025-07-30T12:24:00-CME-001
Based on preliminary analysis by the Moon to Mars Space Weather Analysis Office and heliospheric modeling carried out at NASA Community Coordinated Modeling Center, it is estimated that the CME may impact Juice (minor impact). The leading edge of the CME will reach Juice at 2025-08-01T18:00Z (plus minus 7 hours).
Links to the movies of the modeled event (includes CME: 2025-07-30T12:24:00-CME-001):
Message Body: ## Community Coordinated Modeling Center Database Of Notifications, Knowledge, Information (CCMC DONKI)
## Message Type: Weekly Space Weather Summary Report for July 23, 2025 - July 29, 2025
##
## Message Issue Date: 2025-07-30T17:20:11Z
## Report Coverage Begin Date: 2025-07-23T00:00Z
## Report Coverage End Date: 2025-07-29T23:59Z
## Message ID: 20250730-7D-001
##
## Disclaimer: NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center is the United States Government official source for space weather forecasts. This "Experimental Research Information" consists of preliminary NASA research products and should be interpreted and used accordingly.
## Summary:
Solar activity was at low levels during the reporting period with 6 C-type CMEs (see details below).
Based on preliminary analysis by the Moon to Mars Space Weather Analysis Office and heliospheric modeling carried out at NASA Community Coordinated Modeling Center, it was estimated that the following CME was predicted to impact missions near Earth:
CME Starting time | Predicted Impact (plus minus 7 hours)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2025-07-25T18:23Z NASA missions near Earth at 2025-07-29T00:00Z (glancing blow), Kp index 3-5 (below minor to minor)
(see notification 20250726-AL-001).
The arrival of this CME was likely detected at L1 around 2025-07-28T22:58Z.
It was also estimated that the following CMEs are predicted to impact the listed locations:
CME Starting time | Predicted Impacts (plus minus 7 hours)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2025-07-24T04:48Z BepiColombo at 2025-07-25T12:00Z (glancing blow) (see notification 20250724-AL-002).
2025-07-24T17:00Z Juice at 2025-07-27T01:54Z, STEREO A at 2025-07-27T13:00Z (glancing blow) (see notification 20250724-AL-003).
2025-07-25T18:23Z BepiColombo at 2025-07-26T20:00Z (minor impact) (see notification 20250726-AL-001).
2025-07-26T04:00Z Juice at 2025-07-28T09:00Z (minor impact) (see notification 20250726-AL-003).
Geomagnetic activity was at minor levels with Kp index (a measure of geomagnetic activity, ranging 0-9) <=4.67 for the reporting period. The highest value of Kp = 4.67 occurred during the synoptic period 2025-07-23T12:00Z-15:00Z. This enhancement in geomagnetic activity was associated with the interplanetary shock detected at L1 by ACE at 2025-07-22T10:59Z in the previous reporting period which was likely associated with the arrival of a coronal hole high speed stream starting on 2025-07-22 (see notification 20250722-AL-001).
The > 2.0 MeV energetic electron flux in the Earth's outer radiation belt crossed the threshold level of 1000 pfu at 2025-07-24T13:10Z (see notifications 20250724-AL-001, 20250726-AL-002, 20250728-AL-001, 20250730-AL-001). This elevation of energetic electron flux levels was associated with the arrival of a coronal hole high speed stream detected by ACE at L1 on 2025-07-22. The energetic electron flux levels remained elevated through the end of the reporting period.
The energetic proton flux of >10 MeV protons detected at GOES and the 13-100 MeV protons at STEREO A were all at background levels for the entire reporting period.
Space Weather Impact:
Space weather impacts on NASA spacecraft are expected to have been moderate this reporting period due to the elevated energetic electron flux in the Earth's outer radiation belt described above.
##Events:
Flares (M-class and above)
Date Start Stop Peak Class Location
None Observed
CMEs (>500 km/s):
Earth directed:
Starting time Speed (km/s) Type Direction (LON/LAT in HEEQ) Half-Angle width (degrees) Detecting spacecraft (real-time)
2025-07-25T18:23Z ~938 C -25/-9 11 STEREO A
Non-Earth directed (POS = Plane Of Sky):
Starting time Speed (km/s) Type Direction (LON/LAT in HEEQ) Half-Angle width (degrees) Detecting spacecraft (real-time)
2025-07-24T04:48Z ~623 C 0/-20 11 SOHO
2025-07-24T17:00Z ~514 C 90/-2 42 SOHO, GOES
2025-07-26T04:00Z ~644 C 85/12 14 SOHO, GOES
2025-07-29T17:48Z ~760 C NONE(POS)/-12 10 SOHO, STEREO A
2025-07-29T18:24Z ~580 C NONE(POS)/64 26 SOHO, STEREO A, GOES
## Space Weather Outlook:
## Outlook Coverage Begin Date: 2025-07-30T00:00Z
## Outlook Coverage End Date: 2025-08-05T23:59Z
Solar activity is expected to vary between low and moderate levels during the outlook period. There are currently nine Active Regions on the Earth-facing disk. Active Region 14155 (S09W19) produced numerous C-class flares during the reporting period and may continue to produce similar level flaring activity during the outlook period.
Geomagnetic activity is expected to vary between low and moderate levels during the outlook period. The energetic electron flux levels at GOES may remain elevated above background levels during the outlook period due to the continued effects of the coronal hole high speed stream detected at L1 by ACE on 2025-07-22 with possible additional enhancements from the arrival of a coronal hole high speed stream detected at L1 by ACE on 2025-07-30 (see notification 20250730-AL-001).
## Notes:
SCORE CME typification system:
S-type: CMEs with speeds less than 500 km/s
C-type: Common 500-999 km/s
O-type: Occasional 1000-1999 km/s
R-type: Rare 2000-2999 km/s
ER-type: Extremely Rare >3000 km/s
Message Body: ## Community Coordinated Modeling Center Database Of Notifications, Knowledge, Information ( CCMC DONKI )
## Message Type: Space Weather Notification - Continued Radiation Belt Enhancement
##
## Message Issue Date: 2025-07-30T15:56:51Z
## Message ID: 20250730-AL-001
##
## Disclaimer: NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center is the United States Government official source for space weather forecasts. This "Experimental Research Information" consists of preliminary NASA research products and should be interpreted and used accordingly.
## Summary:
Significantly elevated energetic electron fluxes in the Earth's outer radiation belt. GOES "greater than 2.0 MeV" integral electron flux first crossed the threshold of 1000 pfu starting at 2025-07-24T13:10Z. The most recent crossing of the 1000 pfu threshold was at 2025-07-28T18:25Z and the fluxes are currently elevated but below the threshold.
The elevated energetic electron flux levels observed since 2025-07-24T13:10Z are caused by the coronal hole high speed stream starting on 2025-07-22, reaching maximum sustained speeds of approximately 750 km/s (see notifications 20250724-AL-001, 20250726-AL-002, and 20250728-AL-001). The solar wind speed observed at L1 is currently around 450 km/s.
NASA spacecraft at GEO, MEO and other orbits passing through or in the vicinity of the Earth's outer radiation belt can be impacted.
Message Body: ## Community Coordinated Modeling Center Database Of Notifications, Knowledge, Information ( CCMC DONKI )
## Message Type: Space Weather Notification - Continued Radiation Belt Enhancement
##
## Message Issue Date: 2025-07-28T13:43:09Z
## Message ID: 20250728-AL-001
##
## Disclaimer: NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center is the United States Government official source for space weather forecasts. This "Experimental Research Information" consists of preliminary NASA research products and should be interpreted and used accordingly.
## Summary:
Significantly elevated energetic electron fluxes in the Earth's outer radiation belt. GOES "greater than 2.0 MeV" integral electron flux remains elevated, recently crossing the threshold of 1000 pfu at 2025-07-28T13:05Z.
The elevated energetic electron flux levels observed since 2025-07-24T13:10Z are caused by the coronal hole high speed stream starting on 2025-07-22, reaching maximum sustained speeds of approximately 750 km/s. The solar wind speed observed at L1 is currently around 400 km/s.
NASA spacecraft at GEO, MEO and other orbits passing through or in the vicinity of the Earth's outer radiation belt can be impacted.
